What Are Keloids?
Keloids are a type of raised, thickened scarring that can occur after skin injury, such as cuts, burns, acne, or surgery. They are characterized by a lumpy or nodular texture, and are often larger than the original wound. Keloids can appear anywhere on the body, but are most common on the ears, chest, back, and shoulders. They are more common in individuals with darker skin tones, particularly African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics.
Keloids can be itchy, tender, and uncomfortable, and may cause emotional distress due to their appearance. They can also limit mobility if they occur in sensitive areas. Keloids are often caused by genetics, hormonal factors, and skin injuries. Surgical procedures, such as C-sections and vaccinations, can also trigger keloid formation.
There are several types of keloids, including acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN), which occurs on the back of the neck and scalp, and earlobe keloids, which are common after piercings. Hypertrophic keloids are larger than the original wound. Treatment options include corticosteroid injections, silicone gel or sheeting, surgical removal, radiation therapy, and topical creams.
Prevention measures include keeping wounds clean and moisturized, avoiding tight clothing, and using pressure dressings or silicone gel after surgery. If keloids persist, worsen, or become infected, it's essential to consult a dermatologist for personalized advice and treatment.
